Germany → New York

Could Germany's energy transition work in New York?

Germany made wind and solar its largest source of electricity from a cloudy, high-latitude starting point. New York is often waved off as too grey and too northern for the same move. The geography says otherwise: every part of New York lies south of every part of Germany, and Buffalo collects about 20% more sunlight per year than the German average. On resource alone, the case for wind and solar is at least as strong here.

1 · Latitude: New York sits entirely below Germany

Higher latitude means a lower sun angle and less annual sunlight. Germany spans 47–55°N; New York spans 40.5–45°N. The two ranges don't even overlap — Germany's southernmost point is north of New York's northern border.

2 · Annual sunlight: Buffalo out-collects Germany

Global horizontal irradiance — total solar energy landing on a flat surface each year (kWh per m²). Even Germany's sunniest corner receives less than Buffalo, and New York City more still.

3 · Season by season, Buffalo stays ahead

Typical monthly sunlight (kWh per m²). Buffalo sits above Germany in every month, and the winter gap is the widest — Buffalo's darkest months are roughly twice as bright as Germany's.

Buffalo, NY Germany (avg)
The barrier isn't the sky. Sun and wind resources in New York equal or beat Germany's — more solar than the German average, an Atlantic offshore-wind shelf, and strong Great Lakes shoreline wind at Buffalo. Where the two places really differ is policy, grid build-out, and market design — not latitude or cloud cover. Germany is a conservative lower bound for what's physically possible here. — See it in the data: New York's actual power mix →

Sources: latitudes from standard geographic references; solar irradiance from the Deutscher Wetterdienst (Germany) and NREL / local solar records (New York). Monthly values are typical long-run averages and are illustrative of seasonal shape rather than any single year. Global horizontal irradiance measures the sunlight resource; actual generation also depends on panel tilt, technology, and siting.